Mechanism of Action for rTMS: A Working Hypothesis Based on Animal Studies
نویسندگان
چکیده
Experiments in rodents have elucidated some of the molecular mechanisms underlying repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). These studies may be useful in a translational perspective so that future TMS studies in rodents can closely match human TMS protocols designed for therapeutic purposes. In the present work we will review the effects of rTMS on glutamate neurotransmission which in turn induce persistent changes in synaptic activity. In particular, we will focus on the role of NMDA and non-NMDA transmission and on the permissive role of BDNF-TrKB interaction in the rTMS induced after-effects.
منابع مشابه
Fipronil: mechanisms of action on various organisms and future relevance for animal models studies
Because insects had developed resistance to several insecticides, today, neonicotinoids and fiproles are used to combat pests. The difference between this two classes of insecticides is that fipronil acts by inhibiting the receptors of nervous cells, while neonicotinoids perturbs the neuronal transmission. The suitable properties of fipronil make that its use to be more obvious on the pesticide...
متن کاملRepetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in the Management of Alcohol Dependence and other Substance Abuse Disorders – Emerging Data and Clinical Relevance
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been used widely in various psychiatric disorders like depression and schizophrenia. There have been some reports of its usefulness in alcohol dependence and substance use disorders. The present paper reviews the studies done using rTMS in substance use disorders including alcohol and nicotine dependence. Various studies done have been rev...
متن کاملCombined rTMS/fMRI Studies: An Overlooked Resource in Animal Models
Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, which has brain network-level effects in healthy individuals and is also used to treat many neurological and psychiatric conditions in which brain connectivity is believed to be abnormal. Despite the fact that rTMS is being used in a clinical setting and animal studies are increasingly identifying p...
متن کاملHepatoprotective Activity of Camellia Sinensis and Its Possible Mechanism of Action
The present study appraised the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of Camellia sinensis leaves and its possible mechanism of action against carbon-tetrachloride-induced liver damage. Liver damage was induced by intraperitoneal administration of equal mixture of carbon tetrachloride and olive oil (50 % v/v, 0.5 ml/kg ) in male Wistar rats (150-220g) once daily for...
متن کاملMechanism-Based Studies of the Active Site-Directed Inhibition and Activation of Enzyme Transketolase
Derivatives of phenyl-keto butenoic acids have been reported to be inhibitors of pyruvate decarboxylase, (PDC). The inhibition of transketolase, a thiamine requiring enzyme such as PDF, by meta nitrophenyl derivative of 2-oxo-3-butenoic acid (MNPB) is reported here. These studies indicate that the inhibitor binds to the enzyme at the active site. A two-step inhibition was observed, first th...
متن کامل